Nominal data consists of categories or labels that do not have inherent numerical value or order. Examples include types of fruits, colors, brands, or species.

For example, I passed the encoded and normalized data to the scikit-learn Python language KMeans module and got identical results as the C# KMeans implementation presented in this article. The ...

Chi-square is useful for analyzing such differences in categorical variables, especially those nominal in nature. χ2 depends on the size of the difference between actual and observed values, the ...